Four

FOUR - REMEMBERING AND LEARNING - Memory as Environment for Thought
p 102
...in the past decade research [...] has been turning more and more
to semantically rich domains -domains that have substantial,
meaningful content, where skillful performance calls upon large
amounts of specialized knowledge retrieved from memory.

p 103
More memory does not necessarily mean more complexity.

  SEMANTICALLY RICH DOMAINS
p 103
There is a certain arbitrariness in drawing the boundary between
inner and outer environments of artificial systems.

- Long-Term Memory
- Intuition
- How Much Information?
p 108
Even the most talented people require approximately a decade to
reach top professional proficiency [mention of Bobby Fisher,
Mozart]

- Memory for Processes

  UNDERSTANDING AND REPRESENTATION
p 111
Before a General Problem Solver can go to work [...], it has to
extract from the written statement a description of the problem in
terms of constructs that a GPS can deal with [...].

- A Program that Understands
p 112
[UNDERSTAND program...] the parsed sentences are examined to
discover what objects and sets of objects are being referred to,
what properties of objects are mentioned and what are the relations
among them, which of the predicates and relations describe *states*
and which describe *moves*, and what the goal state is.

- Understanding Physics
p 114
ISAAC [a program by Gordon Novak...] has stored in memory
information about levers, masses, inclined planes, and the like in
the form of simple schemas [...]
A ladder schema, for example, looks something like this:

  Ladder
  Type: ladder
  Locations: (of foot, top, other points mentioned)
  Supports:
  Length:
  Weight:
  Attachments: (to other objects)

- Size and Simplicity
p 117
We may say that the system becomes more complex because it grows in
size, or we may say that it remains simple since its fundamental
structure does not change.


  LEARNING
- Learning with Understanding
- Production Systems
p 120
In the past few years a new form of program structure has become
popular: the production system. [...] A *production system* is a
set of arbitrarily many *productions*. Each production is a process
that consists of two parts -a set of tests or *conditions* and a
set of *actions*.
[...] Condition -> Action

- Learning from Examples

  DISCOVERY PROCESSES
- Problem Solving without a Goal
- Rediscovering Classic Physics
p 126
[AM and BACON programs] ...discovery processes do not introduce new
kinds of complexity into human cognition.


  CONCLUSION